Application Strategy

Test-Optional College Application Strategies

When to submit scores and when to go without

"The school says test scores are optional, but are they really?"

This question hits every family applying to test-optional schools. You've heard that "optional" might not mean what it sounds like. You're wondering if not submitting scores hurts your chances, or if submitting mediocre scores makes things worse.

Here's the strategic truth: The decision isn't just about whether your scores are "good enough." It's about how scores fit into your overall application story.

The Test-Optional Landscape

The Numbers Game

Over 1,800 colleges

are now test-optional

80%

of top liberal arts colleges

Most state university systems

(with some exceptions)

Many highly selective universities

(though not all Ivies)

Why schools went test-optional:

  • • COVID-19 disruptions to testing availability
  • • Diversity and access concerns about standardized testing
  • • Research showing GPA is a better predictor of college success
  • • Competitive pressure from other institutions

What "Test-Optional" Actually Means

Completely Optional

Scores not considered if not submitted

Test-Flexible

May substitute other assessments (AP scores, SAT Subject Tests)

Test-Blind

Scores not considered even if submitted

Temporarily Test-Optional

Policy may change year to year

Important reality: Even at test-optional schools, submitting strong scores can still provide advantages.

When to Submit Test Scores

Scores Strengthen Your Application

  • Your scores are at or above the school's middle 50% range

  • Check the school's most recent data (not outdated guidebooks)

  • Look at enrolled student averages, not just admitted students

  • Remember that middle 50% means 25% of students scored lower

Scores Compensate for Weak Areas

  • Lower GPA but strong test scores can show academic potential

  • Inconsistent grades but consistent test performance

  • Weak performance in one subject but strong test section scores

  • Grade inflation concerns at your high school

Merit Scholarship Considerations

  • Many merit scholarships still require test scores

  • Automatic scholarship thresholds often use test scores + GPA

  • Competitive scholarships may favor applicants with scores

  • State merit programs often have testing requirements

Demographic Considerations

  • High-achieving applicants from competitive areas

  • Students from well-resourced schools where high scores are expected

  • Applicants to highly competitive programs within universities

  • International students competing in a global pool

When NOT to Submit Test Scores

Scores Hurt Your Application

  • More than 100 SAT points below the 25th percentile

  • More than 3 ACT points below the 25th percentile

  • Scores don't reflect your academic ability due to test anxiety

  • Multiple test attempts show no significant improvement

Application Stronger Without Scores

  • Exceptional GPA and course rigor that speaks for itself

  • Outstanding extracurricular achievements that define your application

  • Compelling personal story that test scores might overshadow

  • Unique talents or background that matter more than test performance

Programs Value Other Factors

  • Arts programs where portfolios matter most

  • Athletic recruitment where performance trumps test scores

  • Community colleges focused on access and opportunity

  • Schools with holistic admissions that emphasize fit over stats

Real Examples: Submit vs. Skip

Examples: Submit Scores

Sarah

3.6 GPA and 1420 SAT applying to University of Rochester (middle 50% SAT: 1370-1480)

Submit the score: it's in range and shows her academic potential despite the moderate GPA

Michael

3.9 GPA and 1380 SAT applying to engineering programs where the average is 1450+

Submit the score: while below average for engineering, it's still solid and his GPA is strong

Ashley

3.4 GPA from a grade-deflated school and 1350 SAT applying to liberal arts colleges

Submit the score: it helps explain that her academic ability is stronger than her GPA suggests

Examples: Go Test-Optional

David

4.0 GPA in AP courses but 1180 SAT applying to test-optional liberal arts colleges

Go test-optional: his academic record speaks much more strongly than his test score

Maria

3.7 GPA, founded a nonprofit, and scored 1250 SAT applying to schools where the average is 1400+

Go test-optional: her leadership and impact story is more compelling than test scores

James

3.8 GPA, plays violin at conservatory level, and scored 1290 SAT applying to music programs

Go test-optional: his musical talent and audition matter far more than standardized tests

The Strategic Decision Framework

Step 1: Research the School's True Test Profile

Action Steps:

Find current data: Common Data Set (most accurate source)

Check school's admissions website (updated annually)

Verify college guidebooks (but check dates)

Ask at admissions information sessions (direct questions)

Key Questions:

What percentage of admitted students submitted scores?

What are the middle 50% ranges for submitted scores?

Do merit scholarships require test scores?

How does the school describe its test-optional policy?

Step 2: Assess Your Competitive Position

Action Steps:

At or above 75th percentile: Definitely submit

50th-75th percentile: Probably submit

25th-50th percentile: Consider carefully

Below 25th percentile: Probably don't submit

Key Questions:

How do your scores compare to school averages?

Do your GPA and test scores align?

Are both metrics below average for this school?

What are your strongest application components?

Step 3: Consider Your Demographic and Context

Action Steps:

Over-represented groups often better to submit scores

Under-represented groups have more flexibility

School context matters (competitive vs. under-resourced)

Geographic and cultural factors play a role

Key Questions:

Are you from an over-represented demographic?

Does your school typically send students to this college?

Are you competing in a particularly competitive pool?

Do you have compelling life circumstances?

Step 4: Evaluate Your Entire Application

Action Steps:

Strong applications without scores need exceptional other components

Applications that benefit from scores may be more standard

Consider the story your application tells overall

Think about how scores fit your narrative

Key Questions:

Is your application exceptional without scores?

Do you need scores to demonstrate academic readiness?

What story does your application tell?

How do scores fit your overall narrative?

Score Range Decision Guide

At or above 75th percentile

Definitely submit

Scores significantly strengthen your application

50th-75th percentile

Probably submit

Scores likely help more than hurt

25th-50th percentile

Consider carefully

Depends on other application factors

Below 25th percentile

Probably don't submit

Scores likely hurt more than help

Special Situations and Considerations

Merit Scholarship Implications

Key Considerations:

Many merit scholarships still require scores

Automatic scholarships often use GPA + test score formulas

State merit programs (Bright Futures, HOPE) usually require testing

National Merit requires PSAT/SAT scores

Action Steps:

Check each school's scholarship requirements specifically

Ask admissions offices about test-optional and merit aid

Consider the financial impact of potentially missing scholarships

Calculate whether score submission is worth potential aid

Honors Programs and Special Admissions

Key Considerations:

Honors colleges within universities often still prefer scores

Direct admission to professional programs may require scores

Accelerated degree programs typically want scores

Research programs and special tracks may have requirements

Action Steps:

Ask if honors programs require test scores even if general admission doesn't

Check for separate requirements for competitive majors

Research scholarship competition requirements

Investigate study abroad or special opportunity programs

Building a Strong Test-Optional Application

If You Choose to Go Test-Optional:

Academic Rigor

Take challenging courses and maintain strong grades

Show consistent performance across multiple years

Demonstrate mastery in core academic subjects

Include advanced coursework (AP, IB, dual enrollment)

Extracurricular Depth

Show leadership and meaningful involvement

Demonstrate long-term commitment to activities

Highlight impact and achievements in your areas

Quality over quantity in activity selection

Essay Quality

Tell compelling stories that reveal character

Show growth and reflection in your experiences

Demonstrate fit with the school's values and culture

Let your authentic voice come through clearly

Recommendation Letters

Get strong endorsements from teachers who know you well

Choose recommenders who can speak to different aspects

Provide context and information to your recommenders

Follow up appropriately and express gratitude

Common Mistakes in Test-Optional Applications:

Overcompensating

Trying too hard to justify not submitting scores

Mentioning test anxiety or testing struggles in essays

Loading up on activities to distract from missing scores

Being defensive about the test-optional choice

Underestimating Competition

Assuming lower standards at test-optional schools

Not strengthening other components sufficiently

Applying only to reaches without realistic targets

Ignoring merit scholarship implications

Making Your Final Decision

Submit Scores If:

Scores are at or above school's 50th percentile

You need merit scholarships that require scores

You're applying to competitive programs within schools

Your scores compensate for weaker application areas

You're from over-represented demographics in competitive pools

Go Test-Optional If:

Scores are significantly below school averages

Your application is stronger without scores

You have exceptional achievements in other areas

Test scores don't reflect your true academic ability

You're applying to programs that value other factors more

The Bottom Line

Test-optional doesn't mean test-irrelevant. The decision to submit or withhold scores should be strategic, based on how they fit into your overall application narrative and competitive position.

Key Strategic Principles:

  • • Research each school's specific test-optional policy and data
  • • Consider your competitive position within your applicant pool
  • • Think about merit scholarship implications before deciding
  • • Strengthen other application components if going test-optional
  • • Make decisions based on strategy, not emotion or peer pressure
  • • Remember that strong scores still help, even at test-optional schools

Remember: The goal is to present the strongest possible application. Sometimes that means submitting scores, sometimes it means going without them. Make the choice that best serves your overall application strategy.

Most important insight: Students who make strategic, research-based decisions about test submission typically have better admission outcomes than those who decide based on fear or assumptions.

Ready to Make Your Strategic Decision?

CollegeCompass provides personalized test-optional strategy guidance, school research support, and application optimization to maximize your admission success.

Get expert help navigating test-optional decisions and building the strongest possible application for your target schools.